// -*- mode: C++; c-file-style: "cc-mode" -*-
//*************************************************************************
// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Os-specific function wrapper
//
// Code available from: https://verilator.org
//
//*************************************************************************
//
// Copyright 2003-2020 by Wilson Snyder.  This program is free software; you can
// redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
// Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
// Version 2.0.
//
// Verilator is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
//*************************************************************************

#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__MINGW32__)
# ifndef PSAPI_VERSION
#  define PSAPI_VERSION 1  // Needed for compatibility with Windows 7
# endif
#endif
#if defined(__MINGW32__)
# define MINGW_HAS_SECURE_API 1  // Needed to expose a "secure" POSIX-like API
#endif

#include "config_build.h"
#include "verilatedos.h"

// Limited V3 headers here - this is a base class for Vlc etc
#include "V3Global.h"
#include "V3String.h"
#include "V3Os.h"

#include <cerrno>
#include <climits>
#include <cstdarg>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <memory>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>

#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__MINGW32__)
# include <winnt.h>   // LONG for bcrypt.h on MINGW
# include <bcrypt.h>  // BCryptGenRandom
# include <chrono>
# include <direct.h>  // mkdir
# include <psapi.h>   // GetProcessMemoryInfo
# include <thread>
#else
# include <sys/time.h>
# include <unistd.h>  // usleep
#endif


//######################################################################
// Environment

string V3Os::getenvStr(const string& envvar, const string& defaultValue) {
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
    // Note: MinGW does not offer _dupenv_s
    char* envvalue;
    if (_dupenv_s(&envvalue, nullptr, envvar.c_str()) == 0) {
        const std::string result{envvalue};
        free(envvalue);
        return result;
    } else {
        return defaultValue;
    }
#else
    if (const char* envvalue = getenv(envvar.c_str())) {
        return envvalue;
    } else {
        return defaultValue;
    }
#endif
}

void V3Os::setenvStr(const string& envvar, const string& value, const string& why) {
    if (why != "") {
        UINFO(1,"export "<<envvar<<"="<<value<<" # "<<why<<endl);
    } else {
        UINFO(1,"export "<<envvar<<"="<<value<<endl);
    }
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__MINGW32__)
    _putenv_s(envvar.c_str(), value.c_str());
#elif defined(_BSD_SOURCE) || (defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE) && _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L)
    setenv(envvar.c_str(), value.c_str(), true);
#else
    //setenv() replaced by putenv() in Solaris environment. Prototype is different
    //putenv() requires NAME=VALUE format
    string vareq = envvar + "=" + value;
    putenv(const_cast<char*>(vareq.c_str()));
#endif
}

//######################################################################
// Generic filename utilities

string V3Os::filenameFromDirBase(const string& dir, const string& basename) {
    // Don't return ./{filename} because if filename was absolute, that makes it relative
    if (dir == ".") return basename;
    else return dir+"/"+basename;
}

string V3Os::filenameDir(const string& filename) {
    string::size_type pos;
    if ((pos = filename.rfind('/')) != string::npos) {
        return filename.substr(0, pos);
    } else {
        return ".";
    }
}

string V3Os::filenameNonDir(const string& filename) {
    string::size_type pos;
    if ((pos = filename.rfind('/')) != string::npos) {
        return filename.substr(pos+1);
    } else {
        return filename;
    }
}

string V3Os::filenameNonExt(const string& filename) {
    string base = filenameNonDir(filename);
    string::size_type pos;
    if ((pos = base.find('.')) != string::npos) {
        base.erase(pos);
    }
    return base;
}

string V3Os::filenameSubstitute(const string& filename) {
    string out;
    enum { NONE, PAREN, CURLY } brackets = NONE;
    for (string::size_type pos = 0; pos < filename.length(); ++pos) {
        if ((filename[pos] == '$') && (pos+1 < filename.length())) {
            switch (filename[pos+1]) {
                case '{': brackets = CURLY; break;
                case '(': brackets = PAREN; break;
                default: brackets = NONE; break;
            }
            if (brackets != NONE) pos = pos+1;
            string::size_type endpos = pos+1;
            while (((endpos+1) < filename.length()) &&
                   (((brackets==NONE) && (isalnum(filename[endpos+1])
                                          || filename[endpos+1]=='_'))
                    || ((brackets==CURLY) && (filename[endpos+1]!='}'))
                    || ((brackets==PAREN) && (filename[endpos+1]!=')'))))
                ++endpos;
            // Catch bracket errors
            if (((brackets==CURLY) && (filename[endpos+1]!='}')) ||
                ((brackets==PAREN) && (filename[endpos+1]!=')'))) {
              v3fatal("Unmatched brackets in variable substitution in file: "+filename);
            }
            string envvar = filename.substr(pos+1, endpos-pos);
            string envvalue;
            if (!envvar.empty()) envvalue = getenvStr(envvar, "");
            if (!envvalue.empty()) {
                out += envvalue;
                if (brackets==NONE) pos = endpos;
                else pos = endpos+1;
            } else {
                out += filename[pos];  // *pos == '$'
            }
        } else {
            out += filename[pos];
        }
    }
    return out;

}

string V3Os::filenameRealPath(const string& filename) {
    // Get rid of all the ../ behavior in the middle of the paths.
    // If there is a ../ that goes down from the 'root' of this path it is preserved.
    char retpath[PATH_MAX];
    if (
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__MINGW32__)
        _fullpath(retpath, filename.c_str(), PATH_MAX)
#else
        realpath(filename.c_str(), retpath)
#endif
        ) {
        return string(retpath);
    } else {
        return filename;
    }
}

bool V3Os::filenameIsRel(const string& filename) {
    return (filename.length()>0 && filename[0] != '/');
}

//######################################################################
// File utilities

string V3Os::getline(std::istream& is, char delim) {
    string line;
#if defined(__CYGWIN__)  // Work around buggy implementation of getline
    char buf[65536];
    is.getline(buf, 65535, delim);
    line = buf;
#else
    std::getline(is, line, delim);
#endif
    return line;
}

//######################################################################
// Directory utilities

void V3Os::createDir(const string& dirname) {
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__MINGW32__)
    _mkdir(dirname.c_str());
#else
    mkdir(dirname.c_str(), 0777);
#endif
}

void V3Os::unlinkRegexp(const string& dir, const string& regexp) {
    if (DIR* dirp = opendir(dir.c_str())) {
        while (struct dirent* direntp = readdir(dirp)) {
            if (VString::wildmatch(direntp->d_name, regexp.c_str())) {
                string fullname = dir + "/" + string(direntp->d_name);
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__MINGW32__)
                _unlink(fullname.c_str());
#else
                unlink(fullname.c_str());
#endif
            }
        }
        closedir(dirp);
    }
}

//######################################################################
// METHODS (random)

vluint64_t V3Os::rand64(vluint64_t* statep) {
    // Xoroshiro128+ algorithm
    vluint64_t result = statep[0] + statep[1];
    statep[1] ^= statep[0];
    statep[0] = (((statep[0] << 55) | (statep[0] >> 9))
                 ^ statep[1] ^ (statep[1] << 14));
    statep[1] = (statep[1] << 36) | (statep[1] >> 28);
    return result;
}

string V3Os::trueRandom(size_t size) {
    string result(size, '\xFF');
    char *const data = const_cast<char*>(result.data());
    // Note: std::string.data() returns a non-const Char* from C++17 onwards.
    // For pre-C++17, this cast is OK in practice, even though it's UB.
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__MINGW32__)
    NTSTATUS hr = BCryptGenRandom(NULL, reinterpret_cast<BYTE*>(data), size, BCRYPT_USE_SYSTEM_PREFERRED_RNG);
    if (!BCRYPT_SUCCESS(hr)) {
        v3fatal("Could not acquire random data.");
    }
#else
    std::ifstream is ("/dev/urandom", std::ios::in | std::ios::binary);
    // This read uses the size of the buffer.
    // Flawfinder: ignore
    if (!is.read(data, size)) {
        v3fatal("Could not open /dev/urandom, no source of randomness. Try specifying a key instead.");
    }
#endif
    return result;
}

//######################################################################
// METHODS (performance)

uint64_t V3Os::timeUsecs() {
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__MINGW32__)
    // Microseconds between 1601-01-01 00:00:00 UTC and 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC
    static const uint64_t EPOCH_DIFFERENCE_USECS = 11644473600000000ull;

    FILETIME ft; // contains number of 0.1us intervals since the beginning of 1601 UTC.
    GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
    uint64_t us = ((static_cast<uint64_t>(ft.dwHighDateTime) << 32) + ft.dwLowDateTime + 5ull) / 10ull;
    return us - EPOCH_DIFFERENCE_USECS;
#else
    // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-member-init)
    timeval tv;
    if (gettimeofday(&tv, NULL) < 0) return 0;
    return static_cast<uint64_t>(tv.tv_sec)*1000000 + tv.tv_usec;
#endif
}

uint64_t V3Os::memUsageBytes() {
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__MINGW32__)
    HANDLE process = GetCurrentProcess();
    PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS pmc;
    if (GetProcessMemoryInfo(process, &pmc, sizeof(pmc))) {
        // The best we can do using simple Windows APIs is to get the size of the working set.
        return pmc.WorkingSetSize;
    }
    return 0;
#else
    // Highly unportable. Sorry
    const char* const statmFilename = "/proc/self/statm";
    FILE* fp = fopen(statmFilename, "r");
    if (!fp) {
        return 0;
    }
    vluint64_t size, resident, share, text, lib, data, dt;  // All in pages
    if (7 != fscanf(fp, "%" VL_PRI64 "u %" VL_PRI64 "u %" VL_PRI64 "u %"
                    VL_PRI64 "u %" VL_PRI64 "u %" VL_PRI64 "u %" VL_PRI64 "u",
                    &size, &resident, &share, &text, &lib, &data, &dt)) {
        fclose(fp);
        return 0;
    }
    fclose(fp);
    return (text + data) * getpagesize();
#endif
}

void V3Os::u_sleep(int64_t usec) {
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__MINGW32__)
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds(usec));
#else
    // cppcheck-suppress obsoleteFunctionsusleep
    // Flawfinder: ignore
    ::usleep(usec);
#endif
}